公共英語三級(jí)聽力10類題型剖析

一、含義推斷題 

無法從對(duì)話中直接找到答案，從上下文推導(dǎo)答案

1、選項(xiàng)特征 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)為長難句 2、問題特征 What + 關(guān)鍵詞 + mean? What do we learn from the conversation? What can we infer from the conversation? What can be concluded from the conversation? What does the passage infer / imply?

含義推斷題主要根據(jù)兩個(gè)對(duì)話者所談的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的推斷，從更深層次上考查考生對(duì)對(duì)話內(nèi)容的理解程度。

1、聽清語調(diào)表達(dá)的意義 降調(diào)：表示對(duì)事物的肯定 升調(diào)：表示對(duì)事物的懷疑、否定和不解 2、委婉否定和虛擬語氣在含義推斷題中所占比例不小，所以掌握這兩種語法是正 確解題的關(guān)鍵 3、第二個(gè)講話人的具體內(nèi)容往往是解題中心 4、需要運(yùn)用一定的英語文化背景以及常用的習(xí)語表達(dá)方式

W: Look here, darling. The paper says people tend to feel unwell if they sleep less than six hours a day.M: That may be true for you, but it certainly isn't true for me.Q: What can we conclude from the man's reply?A) He wants to have more sleep.B) His wife doesn't sleep well.C) Women need more sleep than men.D) He doesn't need as much sleep as his wife.

答案是D。找弦外之音。男的說報(bào)上說的六個(gè)小時(shí)睡眠不能少，對(duì)妻子也許對(duì)，對(duì)自己不對(duì)，言外之意自己不用睡那么多。

M: Think it over carefully, you must have left it somewhere.W: But the problem is that I have to have it now. I need it to use my car, and when I get home, to open the door.Q: What happened to the woman?A) She lost her way.B) She lost her keys.C) She lost her car.D) She lost her handbag.

答案是B。沒有直接講鑰匙，但開車和開門非用鑰匙不可，憑常識(shí)判斷即可。

M: Let's see if the basketball game has started yet.W: Started? It must be clear who is winning by now.Q: What does the woman mean?A) She is sure who is going to win.B) Now it is a good time to start the game.C) The game has been going on for a long time.D) The same team always wins.

答案是C。女的說，不是開始的問題，差不多是決出勝負(fù)的時(shí)候了，由此可知比賽已進(jìn)行較長時(shí)間了。

重復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)的兩種形式：1、B中重復(fù)A中信息并加以解釋說明，答案選與該信息不同或相反的選項(xiàng)2、B中直接以重復(fù)A中的信息結(jié)束，答案就為該信息

A: Hi, Are you looking for a young man who is looking for a watch?B: A young man, madam?Q: What are they looking for?A) Young man B) Young woman C) Watch D) Young gentleman

M: Congratulations! I understand you've got a job. When will you start to work?W: You must be thinking of someone else. I'm still waiting to hear the good news.Q: What does the woman mean?A) She doesn't need the job.B) She hasn't got a job yet.C) She has got a good job.D) She is going to start work soon.

答案是B。女的講她在等著好消息，說明還沒有找到工作。

M: Is Jane looking forward to going home for the summer?W: She is counting the days.Q: What does the woman imply?A) Jane is looking for a summer job.B) Jane is packing for the summer vacation.C) Jane is on her way home.D) Jane is eager to go home for the vacation.

答案是D。女的說Jane在數(shù)著日子，說明她焦急地盼望暑假回家。

二、計(jì)劃與行動(dòng)題 

1、選項(xiàng)特征 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)是動(dòng)詞或不定式，或主語相同，動(dòng)詞開始不同 2、問題特征 What does the man want / plan to do? What happened to the man? What are they going to do?

W: Jim, there's a really good view over there.M: Sorry, we can't stop here. There's nowhere to park.Q: What is the man doing?A) Walking. B) Boating. C) Driving. D) Shopping.

答案是C。

M: Would you like to come with me to the theater?W: No, not today. I've got some sewing to do now, but you can get some tickets for next Saturday.Q: What does the woman want to do next weekend?A) Go and see a performance.B) To get some tickets.C) Go and buy a new dress.D) Do some sewing at home.

A) 將來B) 男人將來C) 無D) 女人現(xiàn)在

答案是A。

三、建議與請(qǐng)求題

1、出題特點(diǎn) 說話人中的一方提供某種幫助或提出某種請(qǐng)求，而另一方則做出肯定或否定的反應(yīng)。 把對(duì)話中凡是中心話題是試圖影響勸誘對(duì)方，期待對(duì)方給予答復(fù)的建議、邀約、說 服、提議等都?xì)w入“suggest”。 將命令、指示、要求等話題歸入“request”。 2、提問方式 How did the man respond...? What will the man do? What is the man going to do? What does the man offer to do? What does the man suggest / propose / advise / want to...? What does the woman probably do?

3、解題技巧 1)抓住建議請(qǐng)求處做題。句式為： (1)包含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的句子 (2)祈使句 (3)反意問句 (4)否定疑問句 (5)包括有表示建議詞匯的句子 How about...? Why not...? Wouldn't...? You'd better... Let's... Shall we...?

2)考場(chǎng)思路 (1)觀察選項(xiàng) (2)邊聽邊預(yù)測(cè) a、留心選擇對(duì)話中動(dòng)詞的同義詞 b、留心被提供或請(qǐng)求一方的態(tài)度是肯定或否定，關(guān)鍵詞為but或任何轉(zhuǎn)折、矛盾的詞 (3)在問題的過程中調(diào)整測(cè)試重心

W: I'm so tired today that I can hardly stay up tonight.M: Just leave the work to me.Q: What does the man offer to do?A) He will leave with the woman.B) He will stay up tonight.C) He will do the work for the woman.D)He will stay with the woman.

正確答案是C。

W: I'm thinking of taking five courses next semester.M: Wouldn't four be wiser?Q: What does the man mean?A. There are too many courses offered to students.B. The woman should take fewer courses next term.C. The man will take four courses next semester.D. It is wiser to take more than four courses.

答案是B。

有關(guān)建議題的幾種形式 1)在A句當(dāng)中出現(xiàn)建議，聽B句的回答 2)在B句中直接以建議結(jié)尾，答案就為該信息 3)在B句中有but加上建議，答案選but后面的信息

四、贊成與否定題 

1)一人用肯定的方式表達(dá)，則另一人表示贊同 yes, sure, of course, That's a good idea., out of question, no problem, by all means 2)表示不贊同、不完全贊同或反對(duì) no, not really, not likely, sorry, I'm not sure., please don't, I am afraid not, not at all, no way, out of the question

3)一人用否定表述，則另一人若表示贊同 no, of course not, you don't 表示反對(duì) yes, of course, you do

一些短語、句型等可以含蓄地表達(dá)否定的意義 never, scarcely, seldom, scarcely seldom, rarely, hardly, barely, unable, impossible, incapable, unnecessary, unbelievable, little, ill-minded, no one, nobody, none, nothing, neither, nor, dislike, ignore, fail, refuse, hate, stop ... from, miss, overlook, keep ... from, far from, anything but, without, instead of, out of, short of, too ... to ..., rather than, prefer ... to, beyond

提請(qǐng)考生注意： 1)雙重否定表示肯定意義 not impossible, not untrue, can't agree more, not unusual, not single ... absent, no one ... not 2)當(dāng)all, every, many, always等與not同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在一句話中時(shí)，構(gòu)成部分否定(或部 分肯定)，意思是“并非全都，不是每個(gè)”等。 3)虛擬語氣表述的內(nèi)容在事實(shí)上是不存在的(即對(duì)所表述的內(nèi)容是否定的)。 值得注意的是，有時(shí)否定并不靠詞或短語表達(dá)，而是通過語氣。比如反意疑問句也是否定的表達(dá)方式，另外，but引導(dǎo)的句子實(shí)際上就暗含了對(duì)前面的否定。

M: I sent a letter to make a reservation for a single room a few days ago.W: I'm sorry, your request arrived too late. There are some conferences in town this week and we're full up.Q: Are there any spare rooms at hotel?A) No, all the rooms are taken.B) Yes, there is a double room.C) Yes, there are some spare rooms.D) Yes, there is a single room.

答案是A。關(guān)鍵詞是we're full up(客滿)。

W: You have arranged to meet Mr. Johnson on Wednesday. So I don't have to write to him, do I?M: There's no need to write to him.Q: What are the speakers talking about?A) The arrangement of the Wednesday meeting.B) Where they are going to meet Mr. Johnson.C) The necessity of writing to Mr. Johnson.D) Who is going to contact Mr. Johnson.

答案是C。兩人都講到?jīng)]有必要給約翰遜先生寫信，這是講話的主要目的，提到遇見只是交待不必寫信的背景。

五、虛擬語氣與條件關(guān)系題

1、虛擬語氣與條件關(guān)系如何區(qū)分 2、條件關(guān)系句型都有哪些 if, unless, suppose, in case, as long as, with / without

3、虛擬語氣的句型 1)if虛擬句 a、表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣，謂語的主要形式為： 從句：過去式 主句：should / would / could / might + 動(dòng)詞原形 b、表示與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣，謂語的主要形式為： 從句：had + 過去分詞 主句：should / would / could / might + have + 過去分詞 c、表示與將來事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣，謂語的主要形式為： 從句：過去式 主句：should / would / could / might + 動(dòng)詞原形

特殊形式： 當(dāng)從句所發(fā)生的時(shí)間與主句發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致時(shí)，可以使用錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句 如：一個(gè)是與過去事實(shí)相反，一個(gè)是與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反 If we had left a little earlier, we wouldn't be late.

2)If only后的從句，用過去時(shí)表示與現(xiàn)在相反，用過去完成時(shí)表示與過去相反，也可用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could, would等 + 動(dòng)詞原形，表示對(duì)將來的憧憬，如： If only it would stop snowing! 3)用as if, as though引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中多用虛擬語氣，用過去時(shí)表示與現(xiàn)在相反，用過去完成時(shí)表示與過去相反，如： You look as if you had seen a ghost. 4)在以for fear that, lest, in case引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句中，可以用should + 動(dòng)詞原形表示虛擬，也可以用may或might，如： He is studying hard for fear that he should / might / may fail the exam. 5)wish后面的虛擬賓語從句，用過去時(shí)表示與現(xiàn)在相反，用過去完成時(shí)表示與過去相反，也可用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞could, would等 + 動(dòng)詞原形，表示對(duì)將來的憧憬，如： I wish I had been to France.

4、虛擬語氣與關(guān)系推理題答題的要領(lǐng) 虛擬語氣和條件關(guān)系句都是知識(shí)點(diǎn)句。二者的推理方式不同，因?yàn)樘摂M語氣句往往與事實(shí)相反，所以考的是正反推理;條件關(guān)系句考的是假設(shè)推理，因此區(qū)分虛擬語氣與條件關(guān)系句是解題的關(guān)鍵。

W: I wish my hair was longer.M: Yes, pity you had it cut. If only you'd listened to me.Q: What can we learn from the dialogue?A) The man didn't want the woman to have her hair cut.B) The woman followed the man's advice.C) The woman is wearing long hair now.D) The man didn't care if the woman had her hair cut or not.

答案是A。

六、地點(diǎn)題

1、提問方式 Where did / does the conversation take place? Where is the man / woman probably going? Where will the man go first? Where does the woman live now?

2、答題要領(lǐng) 邊聽邊記筆記，抓住能反映場(chǎng)所的關(guān)鍵詞語

3、分類 1)對(duì)談話中涉及的場(chǎng)所進(jìn)行提問

M: Has George returned from Europe yet?W: Yes, but he had been only here for three days before his company sent him to Canada.Q: Where is George now?A) Europe. B) Here. C) Canada. D) California.

答案是C。

W: Do you enjoy life in Washington?M: Yes, indeed. I'm planning to move to New York or Boston. Anyway, I've never regretted my earlier decision.Q: Where does the man live now?A) In New York. B) In Boston.C) In Newport. D) In Washington.

答案是D。

2)對(duì)談話所在場(chǎng)所進(jìn)行提問school / university - 學(xué)校：department, dean, college, professor, student, tutor, academic report, lab, undergraduate, graduate, bachelor's degree, assignment, academic year, registration, freshman, sophomore, junior, senior, postgraduate, full-time, scholarship, essay, term paper, student center, credit, required / compulsory course, elective / optional course, master's degree, doctor's degree, lecture, teaching assistant, dining hall, campus

airport or on plane - 飛機(jī)場(chǎng)或在飛機(jī)上：airliner, boarding card, destination, cancel a flight, delay, check in, luggage, fasten the safety belt, crew, take off, land, departure time, arrival time, passport, visa, luggage check

restaurant - 飯館：make a reservation, order, wine, beer, whisky, soup, bread, rice, noodle, hamburger, hot dog, sandwich, pizza, apple pie, potato, tomato, meat, pork, chicken, mutton, pie, roast, fry, steam, main food, pay bill, cash, go Dutch, menu, beefsteak, waiter / waitress, customer, salad, tip, soft drink, dessert

library - 圖書館：librarian, reader, card, lend, borrow, renew, return, call number, catalog, overdue fine, reference book, latest / current issue, back issue, journal

post office - 郵局：registered mail, regular mail, transfer, cable, parcel, package, postage

hospital - 醫(yī)院：surgeon, physician, dentist, physical examination, prescription, symptom, take temperature, give an injection, blood pressure, operation, fever, bad cold, lung cancer, cough, take medicine, pill, tablet, capsule, ward

bank - 銀行：current account, service charge, cash the cheque, saving / check account, account, savings, deposit, draw out, credit card, open an account, deposit money, draw money, interest rate, exchange rate, foreign currency

W: We have several accounts, Mr. Brown. The best interest rate is for the customer global account, but you must maintain a monthly balance of 100 dollars.M: That would be fine.Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?

發(fā)生地點(diǎn)是bank。

七、人物身份關(guān)系題

1、常用提問方式 What kind of job does the man have? What is the man's profession? What most probably is Mary? What is the relationship between the two speakers? Who is talking to the woman / man? Who do you think the man / woman is?

2、答題要領(lǐng) 抓住關(guān)鍵詞，同時(shí)注意說話者的語氣和態(tài)度。另外，地點(diǎn)狀語也會(huì)暗示正確答案。 1)teachers and students - 師生之間：同校園場(chǎng)景 2)classmates - 同學(xué)之間：student's union, student center, dormitory 3)librarian and student - 圖書管理員與學(xué)生之間：同圖書館場(chǎng)景 4)shop assistant and customer - 售貨員與顧客之間：同商店場(chǎng)景 5)waiter / waitress and diner - 侍者和客人之間：同飯館場(chǎng)景 6)doctor and patient - 醫(yī)生和病人之間：同醫(yī)院場(chǎng)景 7)husband and wife - 夫妻之間：同家庭場(chǎng)景。而且談?wù)摰脑掝}會(huì)非常廣泛，但考 生可以體會(huì)到對(duì)話雙方說話語氣十分親密

3、分類 人物關(guān)系題、職業(yè)判斷題、人物身份判斷題

W: How long will it take you to fix my watch?M: I'll call you when it's ready. But it shouldn't take longer than a week.Q: What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A) Librarian and student. B) Operator and caller.C) Boss and secretary. D) Customer and repairman.

答案是D。

M: How about the food I ordered? I have been waiting for 20 minutes already.W: Very sorry, sir. I'll be back with your order in a minute.Q: What's the woman's job?A) A shop assistant. B) A telephone operator.C) A waitress. D) A clerk.

答案是C。

W: Excuse me, sir. I'm going to send this parcel to London. What's the postage for it?M: Let me see. It's one pound and fifty.Q: Who is the woman most probably speaking to?A) A railway porter. B) A bus conductor.C) A taxi driver. D) A postal clerk.

答案是D。

八、因果關(guān)系題

1、常見的表示因果關(guān)系的詞語和短語 because, for, since, as, now that, in that, due to, owing to, as a result of, on account of, that is why, that is why the reason, the reason why, give rise to, bring about, lead to, result in as a consequence

M: The students' English club is having a party on Saturday night. Can you come?W: I would like to, but I work at a restaurant on weekends.Q: Why can't the woman go to the party?A) Because she has got an appointment.B) Because she doesn't want to.C) Because she has to work.D) Because she wants to eat in a new restaurant.

答案是C。

M: Nancy, why were you late today?W: I overslept and missed the bus.Q: Why was Nancy late?A) She got up later than usual.B) The bus was late.C) She forgot she had classes.D) Her clock was slow.

答案是A。

M: Hi, Susan. I hear that you walk all the way to the office these days.W: Yes. I have found great pleasure in walking. That's the type of exercise I enjoy very much.Q: Why does the woman walk all the way to the office?A) She takes it as a kind of exercise.B) She wants to save money.C) She loves doing anything that is new.D) Her office is not very far.

答案是A。

九、時(shí)間和數(shù)字題

1、時(shí)間題的提問方式 When did the show start? How often will he have English lessons? How long did it take Tom to write his essay? At what time did the conversation take place? When will the next train leave for New York? What time is it now? When will the train leave? At what time did the man say the show will begin?

2、時(shí)間題的答題要領(lǐng) 邊聽邊記筆記。同時(shí)不要輕易選擇與原文中時(shí)間讀音完全相同或部分相同的選項(xiàng)。 介詞和副詞： before, while, when, during, after, later, no sooner ... than, earlier, since, as soon as, secondly, first of all, afterwards, then, finally, once, until 做時(shí)間題時(shí)要抓住時(shí)間的先后順序，注意聽表示時(shí)間的各種連詞、介詞和副詞，注 意動(dòng)作的先后順序

平時(shí)聽力訓(xùn)練注意： 1)要熟練掌握時(shí)刻的表達(dá)法 2)要熟練掌握年、月、日的讀法 every other day / every two days this time next week a fortnight decade, score, century 3)要注意有關(guān)時(shí)間提前或推后的表達(dá)法 ten minutes early / ten minutes ahead of time / ten minutes ahead of schedule / early by ten minutes ten minutes late / ten minutes behind schedule / late by ten minutes / to be delayed/postponed for ten minutes 4)要善于辨別同音或近音的詞語，排除干擾項(xiàng)，找準(zhǔn)答案

M: What's the time for departure?W: 5:30. That only leaves us 15 minutes to go through the customs and check our baggage.Q: At what time did the conversation take place?A) 5:00 B) 5:15 C) 5:30 D) 5:45

答案是B。

W: How much time did you have for writing the paper?M: We were given three hours, but I finished in less than half the time.Q: How long did it take the man to write his paper?A) More than an hour and a half.B) Not more than half and hour.C) More than two hours.D) Less than an hour and a half.

答案是D。

W: When can the doctor see me?M: He won't be free until tomorrow.Q: What does the man mean?A) The doctor won't see her tomorrow.B) The doctor is busy tomorrow.C) The doctor is busy all day today.D) The doctor will see her today.

答案是C。

十、主旨大意題

M: Do you like day course or evening course?W: I like weekend course.Q: What are they talking about?A) day course B) evening course C) weekend course D) selecting course

答案是D。