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1.名詞性從句,包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句;
2.形容詞性從句,即我們平常所說的定語從句;
3.狀語從句,在句子中通常是時間地點方式的狀語。
長難句解析
10. Apart from the fact that twenty-seven acts of Parliament govern the
terms of advertising, no regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails to
live up to the promise of his advertisements.
【詞匯】
apart from: 除此之外;除去;撇開......來說
parliament: n. 議會,國會
term: n. 條款;術(shù)語;期限
fail to do: 未能(做)......,沒能(做)......
live up to: 達到高標(biāo)準(zhǔn);;實行;履行
【句式結(jié)構(gòu)】
①句子主干成分為:no regular advertiser dare promote a product...,其中 dare 做情態(tài)動詞;
②定于從句:that fails to live up to ...advertisements,修飾先行詞 a product;
③介詞短語做狀語:Apart from the fact...advertising,表示“除去......的事實外”;
④同位語從句:that twenty-seven acts of Parliament govern the terms of
advertising,解釋說明 the fact。
【翻譯】
除去議會有 27 件法案來規(guī)范廣告的條件,沒有任何一個正式的廣告商敢于推銷一種商品卻不能兌現(xiàn)其在廣告中的承諾。
11. If its message were confined merely to information — that in itself
would be difficult if not impossible to achieve, for even a detail such as the
choice of the color of a shirt is subtly persuasive——advertising would be so
boring that no one would pay any attention.
【詞匯】
be confined to: 局限于;禁閉于...
subtly: adv. 隱隱約約地
persuasive: adj. 有說服力的;勸誘的
pay attention to: 注意;關(guān)注
【句式結(jié)構(gòu)】
①句子主干為:advertising would be so boring...;
②結(jié)果狀語從句:that no one would pay any attention;
③條件狀語從句:If its message were confined merely to information,以及后面并列的條件句
that...would be difficult...,其中 that 指代前面的整個句子,即,If its message were confined
merely to information。be difficult if not impossible
是個常見的搭配表達,意思是“很難做到......”。
④原因狀語從句:for even a detail...is subtly persuasive,其中 such as the choice of
the color of a shirt 作為一個插入語。
【翻譯】
如果其信息只被局限于告知一一就廣告而言,如果這不是完全不可能達到的,也是非常難做的,因為如果連一個諸如襯衫顏色的選擇這樣的細節(jié)都具有微妙的說服力,那么廣告就會非常乏味以至于沒有人會關(guān)注它。
12. The workers who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve, the
foreigner who learns a new language——all these are examples of people who have
measurable results to show for their efforts.
【詞匯】
promotion: n. 促進,增進,(商品等的)推廣
foreigner: n. 外國人;外人;陌生人
Measurable: adj. 可量度的;可測量的;可預(yù)見的
【句式分析】
①句子的主干是:all these are examples of people...;
②定語從句:
who gets a promotion 修飾先行詞 The workers;
whose grades improve 修飾先行詞 the student;
who learns a new language 修飾先行詞 the foreigner;
who have measurable results...修飾先行詞 people;
③不定式做目的狀語:to show for their efforts。
【翻譯】
得到了升遷的工人們,成績進步的學(xué)生,學(xué)會了一門新語言的外國人——這些都是那些有可衡量的結(jié)果來顯示其努力的人們的例證
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