2018年揚州大學(xué)考博英語真題及答案

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The past ages of man have all been carefully labeled by anthropologists. Descriptions like ‘Paleolithic Man’, ‘Neolithic Man’, etc., neatly sum up whole periods. When the time comes for anthropologists to turn their attention to the twentieth century, they will surely choose the label ‘Legless Man’. Histories of the time will go something like this: ‘in the twentieth century, people forgot how to use their legs. Men and women moved about in cars, buses and trains from a very early age. There were lifts and escalators in all large buildings to prevent people from walking. This situation was forced upon earth dwellers of that time because of miles each day. But the surprising thing is that they didn’t use their legs even when they went on holiday. They built cable railways, ski-lifts and roads to the top of every huge mountain. All the beauty spots on earth were marred by the presence of large car parks.’

The future history books might also record that we were deprived of the use of our eyes. In our hurry to get from one place to another, we failed to see anything on the way. Air travel gives you a bird’s-eye view of the world — or even less if the wing of the aircraft happens to get in your way. When you travel by car or train a blurred image of the countryside constantly smears the windows. Car drivers, in particular, are forever obsessed with the urge to go on and on: they never want to stop. Is it the lure of the great motorways, or what? And as for sea travel, it hardly deserves mention. H is perfectly summed up in the words of the old song: ‘I joined the navy to see the world, and what did I see? 1 saw the sea.’ The typical twentieth-century traveler is the man who always says ‘I’ve been there.’ You mention the remotest, most evocative place-names in the world like El Dorado, Kabul, Irkutsk and someone is bound to say ‘I’ve been there’— meaning, ‘I drove through it at 100 miles an hour on the way to somewhere else.’

When you travel at high speeds, the present means nothing: you live mainly in the future because you spend most of your time looking forward to arriving at some other place. But actual arrival, when it is achieved, is meaningless. You want to move on again. By traveling like this, you suspend all experience; the present ceases to be a reality: you might just as well be dead. The traveler on foot, on the other hand, lives constantly in the present. For him traveling and arriving are one and the same thing: he arrives somewhere with every step he makes. He experiences the present moment with his eyes, his ears and the whole of his body. At the end of his journey he feels a delicious physical weariness. He knows that sound. Satisfying sleep will be his: the just reward of all true travelers.

1. Anthropologists label nowadays men ‘Legless’ because( ).

A、 people forget how to use his legs.

B、 people prefer cars, buses and trains.

C、 lifts and escalators prevent people from walking.

D、 there are a lot of transportation devices.

2.Traveling at high speed means( ).

A、 people’s focus on the future.

B、 a pleasure.

C、 satisfying drivers’ great thrill.

D、 a necessity of life.

3. Why does the author say ‘we are deprived of the use of our eyes’?

A、 People won’t use their eyes.

B、 In traveling at high speed, eyes become useless.

C、 People can’t see anything on his way of travel.

D、 People want to sleep during traveling.

4.What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?

A、 Legs become weaker.

B、 Modern means of transportation make the world a small place.

C、 There is no need to use eyes.

D、 The best way to travel is on foot.

5.What does ‘a(chǎn) bird’s-eye view’ mean?

A、 See view with bird’s eyes.

B、 A bird looks at a beautiful view.

C、 It is a general view from a high position looking down.

D、 A scenic place.

試題答案：[['A'],['A'],['C'],['D'],['C']]

A. Translate the following sentences from English into Chinese. (3x5)

1. We recognize that in the long run, innovation is a key driver of growth for both individual countries and the global economy as a whole. We are committed to tackling one of the root causes of weak growth by taking innovation as a key element of our effort to identify new growth engines for individual countries and the world economy.

2.Recognizing the detrimental effects of corruption and illicit finance flows on equitable allocation of public resources, sustainable economic growth, the integrity of the global financial system and the rule of law, we will reinforce the G20’s efforts to enhance international cooperation against corruption, while fully respecting international law, human rights and the rule of law as well as the sovereignty of each country.

3.The pride we feel when someone from our nation wins a Nobel Prize is different from the one we feel witnessing one of our athletes winning an Olympic medal. We don’t feel the pride of our tribe demonstrating superiority over other tribes. Rather, it's the pride that comes from knowing that one of us has made a significant contribution to our common human endeavor.

試題答案：

1.我們認(rèn)識到，創(chuàng)新是各國和全球經(jīng)濟長期增長的重要動力。我們致力于解決經(jīng)濟增長疲軟的根源問題之一，將創(chuàng)新作為我們努力為各國和世界經(jīng)濟尋找新的增長引擎的關(guān)鍵因素。

2.認(rèn)識到腐敗和非法資金流動對公共資源公平分配、可持續(xù)經(jīng)濟增長的不利影響，以及破壞全球金融體系的完整性和法治，我們將加強二十國集團的反腐敗國際合作，同時充分尊重國際法、人權(quán)、法治以及各國主權(quán)。

3.當(dāng)我們看到來自我們的人獲得諾貝爾獎時心里產(chǎn)生的那種自豪感，與我們看到我國運動員收獲奧運獎牌時油然而生的自豪感不同。我們內(nèi)心并不會有一種優(yōu)越感認(rèn)為我們的民族優(yōu)于其他民族，恰恰相反，獲得諾貝爾獎的自豪感是源于得知我們當(dāng)中的某個人對全人類的共同努力做出了重大貢獻。

Directions: Write a composition of about 250 words to express your own opinions on the following topic:

How to Protect Intellectual Property Rights in Doing Academic Research

Notes: In the first part of your writing, you should state clearly the thesis statement (i.e. your main argument), and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks

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