2020年全國醫(yī)學(xué)博士英語新大綱樣卷（摘要寫作）

例:薪酬收入與付出極不平衡是全科醫(yī)生（general practitioner, gp）目前最為突出的問題。全科醫(yī)生肩負(fù)基本醫(yī)療和公共衛(wèi)生兩項任務(wù)。這意味著除了醫(yī)療本職工作之外,還需要承擔(dān)預(yù)防保健、病人康復(fù)和慢性病管理、健康管理等任務(wù)。勝任這些任務(wù)就需要更高的綜合素質(zhì)。

據(jù)上海長寧區(qū)某社區(qū)醫(yī)院醫(yī)生透露,上級要求社區(qū)醫(yī)生學(xué)習(xí)中醫(yī)、心理咨詢、健康管理、營養(yǎng)等,并且還要求到達(dá)中級證書水平。學(xué)了這么多證書出來，每天上班既要從事醫(yī)療工作，又要做公衛(wèi)工作,一個人要簽約近 3000 名居民，收入?yún)s依然是四五千。增加了這么多技能，提供了這么多服務(wù)，工資卻沒有變化，全科醫(yī)師心理的天平自然會不平衡。

據(jù)央視報道，上海濰坊社區(qū)的醫(yī)生李亞玲一年收入是 7 萬元，而與她同期畢業(yè)在某三甲醫(yī)院工作的同學(xué)收入比她高 1 倍。面對這樣的現(xiàn)實，如果有機(jī)會找到收入更高的工作，她沒理由不改行。有數(shù)據(jù)顯示，2007 年至 2009 年，北京市社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)共引進(jìn) 2000 人，但 3 年里流失率非常高，而社區(qū)醫(yī)生流失原因中 67% 是因為薪酬低。

據(jù)了解，國外全科醫(yī)生的收入是社會平均工資的 3~4 倍，這與當(dāng)下我國社會全科醫(yī)生的薪酬形成鮮明對比。國外全科醫(yī)生的待遇普遍較高，英國、德國等發(fā)達(dá)全科醫(yī)生待遇約是社會平均收人的 3~4 倍，與此相對，我國全科醫(yī)生收入與社會平均收入水平基本持平，僅有 4% 左右的醫(yī)生年收入超過 10 萬元，相較于發(fā)達(dá) 3~4 倍于社會平均收人水平的全科醫(yī)生收人，我國全科醫(yī)生的待遇較低，薪酬回報不具有吸引力，這也是我國全科醫(yī)生行業(yè)人才匱乏、素質(zhì)整體較低的重要原因。

參考答案（19~20分）

用中文概括三個重要方面:

（1） 問題的存在/性質(zhì)。

（2） 全科醫(yī)生需嚴(yán)格的資質(zhì)要求。

（3） 全科醫(yī)生收入偏低，以及其因果關(guān)系。

currently, the problem is that general practitioners（gp） are short-paid. their income does not match with their hard job. they have a wide range of duties such as clinical practice, preventive healthcare, patient's rehabilitation, chronic disease management, and health management. such duties are quite demanding on the gp. however, the efforts they have made are not paid for enough. on the one hand, gps are required to receive continuing medical education for certificates and qualifications. once a gp is qualified, he/she has to be engaged in both medical practice and public health for 3 000 local residents who have signed a contract with their gp. on the other hand, gps are quite short-paid for their hard efforts. as a case in point, dr. li yaling, a gp for a local community, earns her annual income of rmb70,000.00, much lower than that made by her counterpart who works in a tertiary hospital. gps in britain, germany and other developed countries earn their annual income 3~4 times higher than the national average income, while chinese gps make approximately the national average. as a result, they tend to leave their jobs for higher-paid positions. the insufficient workforce can lead to lowered quality of medical service in general.