2015年考研英語一翻譯題

Part C

Directions：

Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. （10 points）

Within the span of a hundred years， in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries， a tide of emigration -one of the great folk wanderings of history-swept from Europe to America. （46） This movement， driven by powerful and diverse motivations， built a nation out of a wilderness and， by its nature， shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.

（47） The United States is the product of two principal forces-the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas， customs， and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these traits. Of necessity， colonial America was a projection of Europe. Across the Atlantic came successive groups of Englishmen， Frenchmen， Germans， Scots， Irishmen， Dutchmen， Swedes， and many others who attempted to transplant their habits and traditions to the new world. （48） But， the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America， the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another， and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw， new continent caused significant changes. These changes were gradual and at first scarcely visible. But the result was a new social pattern which， although it resembled European society in many ways， had a character that was distinctly American.

（49）The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the fifteenth- and sixteenth-century explorations of North America. In the meantime， thriving Spanish colonies had been established in Mexico， the West Indies， and South America. These travelers to North America came in small， unmercifully overcrowded craft. During their six- to twelve-week voyage， they subsisted on meager rations. Many of the ships were lost in storms， many passengers died of disease， and infants rarely survived the journey. Sometimes tempests blew the vessels far off their course， and often calm brought interminable delay.

To the anxious travelers the sight of the American shore brought almost inexpressible relief. Said one chronicler， “ The air at twelve leagues' distance smelt as sweet as a new-blown garden.” The colonists' first glimpse of the new land was a vista of dense woods. （50） The virgin forest with its richness and variety of trees was a real treasure-house which extended from Maine all the way down to Georgia in the south. Here was abundant fuel and lumber. Here was the raw material of houses and furniture， ships and potash， dyes and naval stores.

【參考答案】

46.在多種強(qiáng)大的動(dòng)機(jī)驅(qū)動(dòng)下， 這次運(yùn)動(dòng)在一片荒野上建起了一個(gè)， 其本身塑造了一個(gè)未知大陸的性格和命運(yùn)。

47.美國(guó)是兩種主要力量的產(chǎn)物——即思想習(xí)俗、民族特色各異的歐洲移民和修改這些特征的新的影響的產(chǎn)物。

48.但由于美國(guó)特有的地理?xiàng)l件， 不同民族的相互作用， 以及維護(hù)原始老式方式的純粹困難， 新大陸引起了重大變化。

49.在15-16世紀(jì)北美探索的一百多年之后， 運(yùn)往該領(lǐng)土-即當(dāng)今的美國(guó)-的第一船移民橫渡了大西洋。

50.擁有豐富多樣樹種的原始森林是一個(gè)真正的寶庫(kù)， 它從緬因州一直延伸到喬治亞州。